The State Duma of the “United Russia” believe that the history and literature students need a basic general textbooks
A group of deputies of the State Duma of the “United Russia” presented last amendment to the Education Act with respect to the total for all students of basic textbooks on Russian history, Russian language and literature. Discord benefits contrary to the Constitution, according to the United Russia party, and their unification is consistent with national interests.
The bill appeared in the Duma immediately after the meeting of the Patriotic Platform “United Russia”. Its coordinator – Chairman of the State Duma Committee for Security and Anti-Corruption Irina Spring – explained his need for short and clear: “Children – citizens of Russia can be a common history textbook, a common Russian language textbook and a general textbook of Russian literature. We have one country, we have the same language, we have the same culture, we have the same tradition, and should be provided with the succession of generations. ” And she believes that the bill is designed by United Russia “absolutely in the context of the protection of national interests».
In the bill it is written not so directly. Not versed in the jargon of the Ministry of Education did not immediately understand. All tangled in multiple references to the state educational standards, the federal lists of basic textbooks and the same basic lines. In the course of reading the text, some immediately understandable and interesting moments still get out. For example, given that the history books and literature on the content should be related to each other. It can be assumed that such a requirement will help to return to school to individual Soviet writers previously kicked out of her. No wonder the Communists yesterday embarked on a long-term campaign to sensitize students and teachers Nikolai Ostrovsky with his novel “How the Steel Was Tempered».
An interesting detail is necessary to recognize and enhance the right of regional authorities in the school program benefits, which can be presented ethno-cultural characteristics of a view of language, literature and history of the country, but contrary to the concept of obscheutverzhdennoy they can not. That is, in Tatarstan in schools, in principle, can be said about the capture of Kazan by Ivan the Terrible in terms of sitting in a besieged fortress, but a positive value of this event to strengthen the Moscow kingdom will not deny it.
Peculiar United Russia and the proposed approach to the formation of the state commission, which is an open competition and will assert the canonical texts. And it is not originality that go there are officials from the Ministry of Education and the relevant regional educational departments. And the fact that it can not consist scientists, specialists and experts who serve as authors of applicants. On the one hand, it seems to be true even of anti-corruption, and on the other – in advance eliminates the most active members of the historical and philological sciences, creating a danger when one of the research schools will qualify for a drawing tutorial, and the other – and it is possible that her hostile – will lobby the state a complete rejection of its competitors.
In general, many of the respondents “NG” is the expert on this danger – the inability of scientists to agree with each other without any hope for the last word of the state – and pointed. Great disturbance in a number of them have caused arguments that United Russia supplied the legislative initiative. The first of them is the fact that once the Constitution speaks of a unified educational space of the country, it means that the situation with the dissonance benefits contradicts it. “Constitutional definition of education in high school as a general is not ensured”, – stated in the explanatory note.
And here’s the proof: in the 2011/12 academic year, the school admitted 1872 textbook, and in 2013/14-m – 2982. Variety textbooks also hinders students transfer from one institution to another, undermining the basis of the exam as a single instrument knowledge test. But the main argument – the words of President Vladimir Putin: “The role of education is the more important that the education of the individual, we need to restore the Patriot as a great Russian culture and literature. They should be the foundation for the self-determination of citizens, a source of identity and a basis for understanding the national idea ».
«It’s not just untenable arguments and outright deliberate lie! Because all that is called, provides a unified state standards, “- said,” NG “Professor of the Department of Russian Literature of the Russian State Pedagogical University, Alexander Kobrin. However, Putin’s words he had in mind. According to the expert, “textbooks give a certain variability, which does not affect the standard: there are facts, and the” difference “in the textbooks affects their interpretation.” He noted that the study of literature and should lead the student to do a basic analysis of the text and, therefore, suggests variability. As for the story, the professor was categorical: “The only thing what will the presence of one textbook – is to the absolute of indoctrination and teaching adjustment to the historical process in the textbook to the needs of the present regime.” President of Kobrin also got: “The whole story with common textbooks – further evidence of the manifestation of reactionary conservatism, to which Putin in recent years leading the country.” This is a representation that there is a single objective truth, which has a monopoly on power, and everything that departs from this truth – it’s not true, anti-patriotism. Expert doubts and that create a single textbook at all possible, because “scientists agree contribute not very large circle of positive facts, and only on the interpretation of the facts they can not be any agreement, then, they are scientists».
Political analyst Nikolai Petrov Spring arguments do not agree. However, he said: “The idea of a single textbook seems naive one common standards of understanding and explaining the history, which is hardly possible.” Single official view of history, the events that took place, and on their interpretation – it’s stupid and counterproductive. Encouraged by the expert that the textbook – the case for long. While it will come up, you see – and in the country that anything will change.
Not all experts criticized the deputies. Alexei Andreev from the Institute of Oriental Studies, agrees with the initiative: “I myself see the history books for the fifth-sixth grades. They are composed unprofessional – inconsistency, which must be reviewed. ” However, Andreev and pointed out that the expert approach to the content of textbooks, “the main thing – do not go into the political situation.” Of course, the books will still be different, but at least with a minimum of general information.
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