Politicians recall the coup: it was the operetta, the consequences are disastrous – RIA Novosti

MOSCOW, August 19 – RIA Novosti The August 1991 coup prevented the signing of a new union treaty, which has helped to keep the Soviet Union in an updated form, though the process of formation of the contract was at that time successfully completed. nevertheless, the events of August did the collapse of the Soviet Union inevitable, according to polled by RIA politicians and experts news.

on the night of 18 on August 19, 1991 representatives of the top leadership of the USSR, disagree with Gorbachev’s reform policies and draft a new Union treaty created a State Committee on the State of emergency in the USSR (the emergency Committee of the USSR). Nineteenth August 1991 was included in the state history as the August coup. On this day, the attempt to remove Gorbachev from the presidency and held them to change course.

Several dozen tanks are very close to the House of the Supreme Council and the Government of the RSFSR on Krasnopresnenskaya Embankment (the White House). Resistance to the coup led by President of the RSFSR Boris Yeltsin and the Russian leadership. Yeltsin signed a decree № 59 and №61, in which the creation of the Emergency Committee was characterized as an attempted coup; union executive bodies, including security forces, have been reassigned to the RSFSR President

In assessing the events of August 1991 after a quarter-century, experts are more or less unanimous:. their consequences were disastrous and catastrophic for the country, some contemporaries speak of operetta what was happening, others believe that the events after that evolved in one of the worst options, but, fortunately, managed to avoid the worst -. “Yugoslav scenario”

During the attempted coup in August 1991, Yeltsin led the resistance putschists. Yeltsin assessed the economic situation in the USSR in the late 80′s and early 91 th year as the close to collapse, and the Kremlin has become obvious that the old frame to keep the Soviet Union. He noted that it was a special period in the life of the country. “After decades of stagnation, lack of freedom, the secrets of the people there was a new feeling. We – the owners of the country depends on us how we will live on People wanted change, they were politically overactive.”, – Said the first President of Russia in his interview to “Rossiyskaya Gazeta “in 2006.

Creating a union contract

Professor of the Moscow state University named after Lomonosov, a foreign member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Askar Akayev, who in those years was the President of the Kyrgyz SSR, He told RIA Novosti that his position on the events of August remained unchanged from the 91 th year. “I was among the first condemned the actions of the Emergency Committee, because they have broken the signing of the Union Treaty, which was intended to preserve the Union, but in an updated form,” – he explained

According to him, the formation of a new union treaty was done. hard work, and in July 1991, this process was successfully completed – was prepared by the new union treaty is quite acceptable, in which a compromise was reached in the distribution of powers between the center and the republics. Had a chance to save the Union in an updated form, he said.

Akayev recalled that a few days before the coup leaders of the Central Asian republics, the Ukrainian leader expressed readiness to sign the contract, but after speaking separatist putsch started from the Slavic republics leaders .

In turn, one of the closest associates of Yeltsin, president of the humanitarian and political fund “Strategy” Gennady Burbulis also noted that Novo-Ogarevo process has brought results

“Mikhail Sergeyevich (Gorbachev. – Ed.), being a man of outstanding, outstanding, masterly, managed, despite here on this internal system of the supreme authorities of the country still carry the Novo-Ogarevo process to outcome. The huge discussions it was created, we very much did not like, but we knew that this is the last chance for the country to find the way to legal evolutionary transformation into a new quality in the conditions have the system unmanageable “- he recalls

Run the country spiraled out of control

On. According to Nikolai Ryzhkov, who headed until January 1991, the Council of Ministers of the USSR, the country’s administration actually goes out of control. “Of course, a situation that prevailed at that time in the country, has been very, very difficult. The country was ungovernable, power Gorbachev lost face administration of the country. Therefore, participants in the events of August and decided to take this step. I personally think that they are more harm caused the country than good, “- told RIA Novosti Ryzhkov

According to him, since August.” affair of the Soviet Union was absolutely real. ” “It seems to me, or people do not understand why they do it, or something they wanted to achieve, but did oddly operetta all this took place.” – Says Ryzhkov

He believes. that Gorbachev as head of state, the situation was a huge opportunity, but this background is visible a certain helplessness on his part. “It says that he was sorely lost power in the country”, – he said

According to Burbulis, the Soviet Union ceased to exist “de facto putsch because speech-ists.”. “We are a sought is to make legal, evolutionary process and the idea of ​​the Union Treaty, whatever it was inside contradictory helped this perspective putsch us that one of the possibilities to implement not given..”, – Said Burbulis

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Expert “Gorbachev Foundation” Paul Palazhchenko, a former interpreter in 1985-1991 Mikhail Gorbachev confident that the developments occurred in one of the worst choices, but not the worst. “The worst thing would be, probably,” Yugoslav scenario “with a prolonged civil war and numerous casualties,” -. Said Palazhchenko RIA Novosti

Burbulis also notes that “the Soviet empire broke up the most gentle way precisely because, to a greater extent, the initiative of Russia and the republics that their independence was seen as destiny choice. ” “The most important thing – we have ensured that we have prevented the bloody repartition of the Soviet legacy threat that was real and who was tragically realized in Yugoslavia.” -. He said

In this Palazhchenko notes that maintaining a reformed Union, at least for a transitional period, it would be better for Russia and the other republics, and for the whole world; This would avoid global destabilization, avoid chaotic processes in many parts of the world. “The relations between our country and the West would be more equitable, and all the inevitable difficulties would probably have avoided the current strained relations, which is not profitable to anyone, but especially Russia”, – the expert added

According Palazhchenko. , the new country was not democratic experience. “People have been psychologically and culturally are not ready for democracy, with its compromises, constant negotiation process, the need for coordination of interests”, – he explained

“Everyone wanted all at once No one was willing to concede This is particularly affected… . between federal center and the regions Store in the previous form the country where the same conditions exist, say, Estonia and Turkmenistan, it was impossible to control all the republics of the center -. is also impossible, “- said the expert

According to him, the union division into 15 republics, led to a weakening of the union center has led to negative consequences, “which are felt today”

. at the same time, historian and political scientist Vyacheslav Nikonov believes that Gorbachev conceived, probably necessary reforms, but did not calculate the consequences of their steps. “And the collapse of the Soviet Union was the unexpected result of his reform efforts to a large extent”, – he said

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