On Friday, the Kremlin website published a new Russian military doctrine. Previous was adopted in 2010. During the preparation of the latest version of Russian officials talked about toughening of Russia’s position. Coordinator of the Office of Inspector General of the Russian Ministry of Defense, Army General Yuri Yakubov said in September that should clearly identify the main potential enemy of the country and the conditions for a preemptive strike by Russian forces of nuclear deterrence. “In my opinion, our main enemy – is the United States and the North Atlantic bloc,” – said the general.
The tension increased
The first part describes the military doctrine danger and threat to Russia. The document stated that the world development at this stage is characterized by increased global competition, tension in various areas of cooperation between states and regions, the rivalry of values and models of development, instability processes of economic and political development.
The current architecture of international security does not provide equal security for all states, according to the doctrine. Trend bias military dangers and threats in the information space and the inner sphere of the country. The document recorded a decrease of probability large-scale war against Russia, but in some areas military dangers for the country intensified.
The expansion of NATO is still a threat
The first number in the list of major external hazards is increasing military capabilities of NATO and the Organization is global functions carried out in violation of international rights, as well as the approach of the military infrastructure of – members of NATO to the borders of the Russian Federation, including through further expansion unit. In the previous version of the doctrine of NATO enlargement also stood first items on the list of threats, but the wording was slightly different – it spoke of “an effort to give the power potential of the NATO global functions».
The second danger – destabilize the situation in individual countries and regions, as well as undermining global and regional stability. The third – deployment or build-up of military contingents of foreign states on the territory of Russia’s neighbors and its allies. Is still considered a threat and deployment of strategic missile defense systems that undermine global stability and violate the balance of forces in the nuclear-missile sphere. In deploying such a system Russia accuses US in alliance with NATO countries.
Among the threats to Russia are also listed: territorial claims to the Russian Federation and its allies and interference in their internal affairs; proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, missiles and missile technology; violation of international agreements by individual states, as well as failure to comply with previously concluded international agreements in the field of prohibition, limitation and reduction of armaments. Russia considers the threat and use of military force on the territory of neighboring States, in violation of the United Nations Charter.
Also, are a threat to global extremism, terrorism using radioactive and toxic chemicals, the expansion of transnational organized crime, the presence of pockets of ethnic and sectarian tensions, the activity of international armed radical groups, as well as foreign private military companies in the areas adjacent to the state border of the Russian Federation and those of its allies, the presence of regional conflicts, the growth of separatism and extremism in some regions of the world. Russian politicians this year has repeatedly pointed out that in fact, private military companies operating in Ukraine, citing military units by the governor of Dnipropetrovsk region, Igor Kolomoisky.
is a threat to Russia and the establishment, including through coups on neighboring states of Russia regimes whose policies threaten the interests of Russia.
The threat of undermining patriotic traditions
Section internal threats in the new doctrine expanded and is registered in more detail than in document 2010. In 2010, the list included three threats: attempts to change the constitutional system, undermining the sovereignty, violation of the unity and territorial integrity, disorganization functioning of public authorities.
In an article published on December 26 the doctrine of the four internal threats. Main is still the activities aimed at overthrowing the constitutional order. This item is also added to the threat of destabilization of the political and social situation in the country. In second place on the list of – the activities of terrorist organizations and individuals aimed at undermining the sovereignty, unity and a violation of the territorial integrity of the country. On the third – activity information impact on the population, especially young citizens of the country, which has the aim of undermining the historical, spiritual and patriotic traditions in the field of defense of the Fatherland. The fourth threat – to provoke ethnic and social tensions, extremism, incitement to ethnic and religious hatred or enmity.
A nuclear strike as a response
Russia reserves the right to use nuclear weapons in response to use against it or its allies of nuclear and other weapons of mass destruction, as well as in case of aggression against the country with conventional weapons, a threat to the very existence of the state.
The new doctrine slightly changed the wording on Threats, and the nature of the threats, their sequence on the degree of danger remained almost same , says military expert, chief editor of “Arsenal” Victor Murakhovski . We are talking about strategic deterrence, both nuclear and nonnuclear , there was a separate article, which states that in the framework of the strategic deterrence Russia may use precision-guided weapons. The new doctrine, unlike previous to onkretizirovany Russia’s allies – are the BRICS, CSTO, SCO, there was a specific reference to South Ossetia and Abkhazia as part of the joint defense, and n oyavilsya plan for the defense of the country, the open position on the territorial defense, development mobilization training. says Murakhovski .
It is noteworthy that in the EU and NATO’s new doctrine states that Russia intends to develop with them an equal dialogue, despite the current military-political situation, so that the whole can be regarded as a new version of the doctrine conciliatory, summarizes Murakhovski.
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