Residents of the South of Russia will be the first in the country holders of electronic passports. The pilot project for the issuance of identity cards completely new type starts in 2015 in the Crimea, Sevastopol, Rostov-on-Don and Krasnodar. Other residents of Russia will be able to appreciate the e-passports by 2017.
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But weigh the legal and illegal migrants working in Russia and now you can – it is reduced. If in the past 5 years, it was one in four, in the current year figures almost equal. Now in our country lawfully employed 2.7 million people, illegally, according to the Federal Migration Service, – 2.9 million.
thus reducing the illegal component? What will change in the area of migration in the next year? On these and other questions in the “Business Breakfast” in “Rossiyskaya Gazeta” said the head of the Federal Migration Service of Russia Konstantin Romodanovsky.
The electronic passport – the key to any source of information from medical records to banking history
Konstantin O., you could not tell in detail what will be the new electronic passports of citizens of Russia, will it be possible to give them up, say, for religious reasons?
Konstantin Romodanovsky: We are planning next year to launch a pilot project in four regions: the Crimea, Sevastopol, Rostov-on-Don and Krasnodar. There will be issued a card with electronic media. The design of the electronic passport to work. About a month later we will be able to start its production at Goznak. Much depends on funding. We want to be able to make the project was implemented at the expense of our budgeted and other departments and regions. In other regions of the electronic passport will appear by 2017.
With regard to the refusal of the document on religious and other reasons, we now have people who struggle with Soviet passports. Indeed, the electronic identity card of the citizen – a new phenomenon. Not something that is adapted our Russian mentality, and especially the Soviet. Therefore, we do not believe that everything will go smoothly, we will convince people to talk. Such a passport – is the key to any source of information that may be required. Man goes to the clinic – inserts the card gets access to the medical history. Goes to the bank – get over it access to banking history. I think it’s convenient, and people gradually get used to and aware of the need to move forward.
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Do you have the service to obtain Russian passports per hour. It works everywhere?
Konstantin Romodanovsky: No. While she is in Novosibirsk, Penza, Crimea, Sevastopol, Moscow. In Moscow, she took advantage of about 45 thousand people. What is the nuance? Services on demand. One convenient stop by to hand over documents and get them through the week. But in some cases people comfortably come, wait an hour and immediately receive a document, for example, if the evening he go to another country or city. Service is in demand, but as far as it is difficult to say. There is a break-in. We need to make the variability of this service.
How do you assess the results of the year for yourself, for your service? What situations can be called the most difficult?
Konstantin Romodanovsky: I’d probably say only one aspect – the people were forced to leave the territory of Ukraine and in the emergency droves arrived in Russia. They are now in Russia about 850 thousand people. Problem situation, but we are coping with it yet. More than 40 thousand people who have moved there already become parties to the state program of resettlement of compatriots. They moved to this country with their families.
Participation in the program provides assistance in determining the place of residence, providing jobs, benefits and material support. The program is well financially secured. Participation in it gives confidence in the future settlers. And, of course, that’s a plus for demography and for the Russian economy.
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What will happen Ukrainian migrant workers in the new year in terms of the rules of entry to Russia, the rules of residence and work here? What tune employers?
Konstantin Romodanovsky: Ukrainian citizens enter Russia until internal passports. On January 1, introduced another system of permits for work. Citizens of Ukraine in the general procedure should be to obtain patents for individuals and legal entities. In 2014, we went to meet and extremely liberal approach to the citizens of Ukraine. Perhaps in 2015 we will return to its rails and will be considered citizens of Ukraine in general. Except for those who leave the territory of Ukraine and forced to objective reasons can not return. Of course, we will search every way to help.
What is a “general plan”?
Konstantin Romodanovsky: to abide Russia without permits (a patent for a job, a temporary residence permit, etc.) can be 90 days within 180 days. This rule is established for all non-visa workers, and citizens of Ukraine will not be the exception.
Is it possible to establish the visa regime? Or it could be just as a response to the actions of the Kiev government?
Konstantin Romodanovsky: We are not going the way of tightening, specific relation to the citizens of the fraternal states that now are in such a difficult situation due to internal conflict.
Starting next year, migrants from the CIS will have to enter Russia on foreign passports. They are ready for it?
Konstantin Romodanovsky: Yes. Residents of Tajikistan, Uzbekistan and other countries will enter on the passport. There are delaying this decision for Kyrgyzstan, which is negotiating accession to the EAEC. And in Ukraine issue is suspended.
From this year, Russia began to close the entrance to 3-5 years for foreigners who have violated immigration law. How many people fall into the “black list” and what will happen?
Konstantin Romodanovsky: As for the perpetrators, the people, the society should be aware that the ratio of the migration service to it is very categorical, sharp. To date, we have closed the entrance almost 1.3 million foreign citizens.
We have the tools, new mechanisms that detect violator, send a signal to my staff, and the man closed the entry. Notice is sent to the appropriate authorities, and then he can not enter Russia for three years. If there is a court decision, the five years.
Now comes the new law. The Federation Council supported him. Those who are in Russia illegally for over a year, we will close the entry of ten years. Such an abrupt approach – my initiative. We in Russia 1.7 million migrants is illegally more than six months, of which 970,000 – more than a year. What motives they may be guided? First of all, the fact that “after us the deluge, I otsizhu here as a half years, earn the most money, go away and let me close the entry of three years. These three years I live on this money.” This blatant disregard for our laws. They are not identified himself with the migration service did not receive a patent or a work permit, did not stand in the Migration Service to ignore our laws. For this category, rigid approach would be quite adequate. You know, ten years – a considerable period. Almost a third, if not half gainfully employed lifespan. Let them think.
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Yes, I am ready to meet any situation. And this rule should be primarily educational. It should make people move, to respect the laws of Russia. They should make notes in the migration service, other state structures that we saw them and they feel safe. That they need, because the invisible man, by and large, it is the law, regardless of the legal framework, we can not protect him.
This tough stance is probably justified, but in some cases it leads to tragedy. For example, we wrote Lyudmila Muradeli, whose husband was expelled from Russia. There were his wife, a Russian citizen, and son. And also – business debts, a loan to a million rubles. The family has no means of livelihood. What do people?
Konstantin Romodanovsky: We will consider this issue and help this family. We are 1 million 300 thousand migrants denied entry. 26 thousand of them then opened – on humanitarian grounds. But it does not say that the actions of our information is incorrect. The system worked exactly. And not in breach of the system and the behavior of a man who got into this situation. He broke the law, and the system reacted to it. Humanitarian reasons, we will help him to return. It is not uncommon when one spouse – citizen of Russia, and the second – another state. But in this case, people have to decide – or enter the nationality of the country in which they actually live, or – legally formalize their stay. For example, to obtain a residence permit. This is all possible. Enough to be registered to his wife, and a mark in the information system of the FMS automatically will go to the person and not the claims.
For those who are in Russia illegally for over a year, will be closed from entering our country in ten years
The Russian Federation is ready to meet such a person, but warns that if this continues, and again he breaks the rules, he will close the entrance again.
Many experts believe that if close the entry of migrants for 10 years, they eventually moved away to other countries: Singapore, United Arab Emirates, Europe, and to us there will be nobody to go to work. Are not you afraid of that?
Konstantin Romodanovsky: In Singapore from Uzbekistan or Tajikistan can go to work five thousand people. And in other countries – by the same amount. They accept foreign labor metered. We also now only citizens of Uzbekistan is the country’s 2.3 million people. About what Singapore can we talk?
Do you support the development of dual nationality or the second?
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Konstantin Romodanovsky: In Russia there is no dual citizenship. Maybe a second citizenship. The requirement that we make to persons wishing to obtain Russian citizenship – is a way out of another nationality. It is right, and I support him.
From time to time we see on television reports of raids to identify illegal immigrants. Who, in your opinion, is their main “supplier”? Where filters do not work?
Konstantin Romodanovsky: to solve a number of problems with illegal foreign workers help the new approach, which will take effect from next year. I mean a system of obtaining patents for not only physical but also legal entities and individual entrepreneurs. He was previously quota mechanism. But by and large the need for foreign workers to count no one ever could. Absolutely you can safely say that the small and medium business that feels the need for foreign labor, could not receive it because of the time to determine the need for paperwork held from 9 months to a year. What small business can survive in such conditions? This is unrealistic. So we went to the mechanism of registration of patents for legal entities. Now the amount of labor required will be determined by the region through economic mechanisms.
The region has an opportunity to enter the coefficient of a fixed payment, which is 1200 rubles. That is the value of a patent is multiplied by this factor. If the region wants to migrant workers was smaller, it sets a high rate, and vice versa. I think that is the right approach, because the need to regulate foreign labor through the federal government’s approach – long and inflexible.
It is possible that three months after the launch of the patent system provides amnesty for migrants
The patent will help migrants?
Konstantin Romodanovsky: We give everybody an opportunity to legally reside and work in Russia, to exercise this right. But we also have requirements: medical examinations, knowledge of Russian language, culture, history and legal framework. If you got migration registration in a particular region and there you get a patent, be kind, and it is working. It is flexible, democratic approach.
We do not have restrictions on entry into Russia. We even have people from countries with visa regime drove on tourist visas, and found themselves on the labor market. Specifies the purpose of the visit – private (ie guests), appeared on the site. Given this situation, we have imposed restrictions. If you want to work in Russia, you will receive permits only if you indicate the purpose of the work soon. Have a different purpose – my staff will not give authorization documents.
Many people liked to come for 90 days, then one day they left home, returned again and continued to work illegally. We have introduced the norm – stay in Russia without permits can be 90 days for 180 countries with visa-free regime. Loophole blocked, and such violations becomes smaller. There results in the work we are developing step by step.
In the US, Barack Obama announced the migration amnesty. Do not planning our migration service to enable legalize those who are already long time in Russia, may have created the family, but for one reason or another are not designed properly documents?
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Konstantin Romodanovsky: If we are talking about labor migration, it is mainly of a temporary nature. Migrant workers do not aim to be legalized in Russia. They come to earn money and go to him. If we are talking about a different category of those who have a temporary residence permit, residence permit, is a contender for citizenship is another side. And there should be different approaches.
I do not rule out that two months after the launch of three of the patent system, we return to the question about the kind of amnesty. For people who have spent much time in Russia and would like to become the law works. Maybe we’ll give them the right to acquire a patent and already lawfully continue to work in Russia. We think about it.
And if you’re talking about those who claim to citizenship, there is a more complex situation. In each case should be dealt with.
Another question from our readers. Ruslan, migrants working in Moscow, describes the “economic migrants”: Patent – 4000 rubles, additional health insurance policy – 5500 Testing – 3500 exams – 3000. Plus a variety of bribes. For that, he asks me to with such impossibly money? My grandfather fought for Russia. I am his grandson, I’m not an enemy of the Russians, I work with them hand in hand. What say you, Konstantin O.?
Konstantin Romodanovsky: All calculate in this case regions. But I can say that the taxes paid by the employer for the Russian worker per month, account for half of the employee’s salary. For a foreign worker, he does not pay much. Migrants in Moscow earns an average of 30 thousand rubles. And this is the entire amount to which he manages employer. Russian worker with a salary really worth half as much.
We have to do something more migrants to the global competition? We must protect in good sense of our employees? Yes I Am. That approach. We ask him to pay these amounts once a year. And do not pay into the air, it pays for medical workers, teachers who are testing, and other professionals.
specifies: a patent for individuals and legal entities – the same?
Konstantin Romodanovsky: Yes. One and the same document at the same price. Those who managed to get a patent this year for three months before its expiry will pay for it in the new year at a new rate established by the subject of the Russian Federation.
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