A festive procession on one of the central streets of Grozny to mark the Day of the Constitution of the Chechen Republic (March 23 2012)
The head of the Chechen Republic Ramzan Kadyrov called “enemies of the people” non-systemic opposition . After the scandal caused by this statement, President Vladimir Putin thanked Kadyrov for efficient operation. Republic Kadyrov headed since 2007. RBC figured out what Chechnya has become with him
1. Endowment
During the nine years – from 2007 to 2015 – Chechnya received from the federal budget in the form of subsidies, subventions and subsidies to 539 billion rubles. Their annual average was 60 billion rubles., And in this parameter the republic – in three of the most subsidized regions (more in 2013 and 2014 received only Dagestan and Yakutia).
For comparison, 680 billion rubles. was spent on large-scale construction in Vladivostok on the eve of the APEC summit in 2012, 160 billion rubles. State to this point has allocated for the construction of one of the most expensive in the world spaceports – East.
The dependence of the budget of the republic by means of the center, perhaps the most well-known fact about the Chechen economy: on gratuitous transfers all this time had an average of 87 % of revenues in the region. According to the Ministry of Finance, in 2014 81.6% of the budget of Chechnya – a receipt from the federal budget. More was only in Ingushetia – 85.6%. In subsidies per head of Chechnya, however, on the 8 th place (41.5 thousand. Rub.) After the Chukchi and Nenets Autonomous District, the Magadan Region, Altai, Yakutia, Tuva and Ingushetia.
Since 2007 the volume of aid fell in all the country twice – in 2010 and 2013. In 2015, while the remaining regions of aid has fallen by an average of 3%, the financing of Chechnya grew by 8%, to 61.3 billion rubles., The director of the regional program of the Independent Institute for Social Policy Natalya Zubarevich. This is less than half of the subsidies received by the region, calculated transparent – according to the formula, she adds, the rest – it is opaque manual distribution, which involves the Government and relevant agencies. The Finance Ministry said RBC that aggregated data on subsidies can not provide, and advised to seek this information on the website of the Federal Treasury. However, data on Chechnya was not there.
2. Give birth, young, male
The population of Chechnya at the beginning of 2016 – 1.4 million, slightly less than 1% of the population of Russia. 65% live in rural areas – on this indicator Chechnya ahead of Altai only.
The republic is the highest natural growth rate in the country: over the past six years by 1 thousand. Is added each year an average of 21 people. In second place – Ingushetia (19 per year). And in neighboring Dagestan (fourth place) – 13. In Moscow, for comparison – 1,2.
Lezginka – a traditional Caucasian male solo or pair dance – very popular in the Chechen Republic. The head of Chechnya, Ramzan Kadyrov has repeatedly performed it in public, including on the infamous wedding chief Nozhai-Yurt district police department Nazhuda Guchigova and minor Louise Goylabievoy
In Chechnya fewer divorces than anywhere else in Russia: 1 thousand. People have less than one divorce. For this indicator, Ingushetia, Dagestan and Chechnya divide the last three places. In Kabardino-Balkaria has bred more often – 2.5 divorces per 1 thousand. People. In the Stavropol region – 4.3 divorces per 1 thousand. Man.
According to the Federal State Statistics Service (2014), in Chechnya, the largest in Russia the proportion of children (under the age of people of working age) – 34.7% of the population, the lowest proportion of elderly people – 9.2% and a high proportion of men in the population (per 1 thousand. men in Chechnya, there are only 1,034 women, while the average in Russia – 1146 women; it is the fourth since the end).
3. Unemployed but earns
The level of unemployment in the January 1, 2016, Chechnya – in fourth place (16.7%, or 107.5 thous. Unemployed). Ahead – Ingushetia (30.8%), Tuva (20.8%) and Karachay-Cherkessia (17.2%). At the end of 2014 to the level of unemployment Chechnya was the first place in Russia (15.7%, 99.5 thous. Persons). Then, More than half (53,2%) the unemployed were men of working age (33.2 years ). However, Zubarevich doubt the veracity of these figures and did not rule out that they may be so in order to maintain the benefits, or obtain any additional rent.
Low Employment can be judged by the number of paying taxes in the country. There, according to the Federal Tax Service in 2013 (the latest available statistics for the region), there were only 215,580 people, or 16% of the total number of people staying. Even in the capital of Chechnya – Grozny – the ratio of workers to residents amounted to only 39.3% of that for the Russian cities is one of the worst indicators. But in most villages per 100 inhabitants often have to just 2-10 working.
In terms of the average wage – 21,500 rubles. per month – Chechnya at the 65th place. In 2014, according to Rosstat, the salary was reduced by another 3% (the worst figure for Russia).
Ironically, the real income of the population grow: the average income of residents of Chechnya, according to Rosstat, in 2014 – 19.8 ths. rub., this index the republic occupies the 66th place among the other regions. However, revenue growth in 2014 (10.5%) ranked second Chechnya after Adygeya. Income consists of wages, social payments, income from property, etc. and calculated per inhabitant of the republic.
This is probably due to the fact that in the structure of revenues is the biggest compared to the rest of the Russia – 43.1% – is the mysterious “other income”, including “hidden” and Money transfers. “In Chechnya, many employed in the informal sector, many residents commute to work in other regions – in Moscow or in the oil fields – and send money home,” – explains the analyst of the International Crisis Group, Barbara Pakhomenko.
4. Easy on the rise
Chechnya, according to statistics Rostata, – the list of regions, of which more than leave than arrive. In 2014 the republic had left at 2.25 thousand. People more than arrived (of Chechnya left 12 thousand.).
An unfavorable relationship between leave and arrive almost jumped 4.5 times in the middle of the board of Ramzan Kadyrov: from 757 in 2010 to nearly 3.5 thous. in 2011, and in 2013 came to 4.7 thousand.
As the number of those who left Chechnya in Russia is not a leader. It is at the 54th place, not including the Crimea and Sevastopol. For comparison: in Dagestan, the difference between the land and depart – almost 14 thousand. People (2014). According to statistics, the vast majority of left Chechnya left for other regions of the country and abroad, such as in 2014 – only 89 people. However, human rights activists are skeptical about these figures. According to head of the committee “Civil Assistance” Svetlana Gannushkina, abroad in 2012 left 20 thousand. Russians, in 2013 – 40 thousand. Most of them – the Chechens, she says. The German authorities have reported that in the first half of 2013 were asked to shelter nearly 10 thousand. Russians a year ago, there were 3.2 thousand., Wrote Spiegel. Unofficially, the German officials told the newspaper that the vast majority of asylum seekers from Chechnya, the Russians arrived.
5. Safe, but restless
Chechnya has in recent years consistently ranked as one of the safest regions of Russia, if we evaluate the state of crime on the basis of official statistics.
According to the Portal legal statistics of the Prosecutor General, which operates the figures for the last five years, the highest number of crimes were registered in 2010 – 4581. In the next four years of crimes, according to official data, in Chechnya became smaller: in 2011 – 4254, 2012 th – 3919, in 2013 – 3636, 2014 – 3500.
In 2015, Chechnya has shown the best outcome for themselves – for the 3103 crimes. This statistic has allowed the country to fall to 79th place in terms of criminality, losing in 2015, only six regions – the Jewish Autonomous Region (2788), Kalmykia (2759), the Magadan region (1350), Ingushetia (1305), Chukchi (629) and Nenets Autonomous Okrug (627).
The neighboring Dagestan in the ranking of the safest regions of the Chechen Republic is far behind. In 2013, when Dagestan was recorded the highest number of crimes in the past five years (14 003), the country took 51 th place in the ranking, and no it does not yield until now.
Source: Rosstat
Despite the prosperous official statistics, Chechnya – one of the few regions of Russia, where the possibility of opening attacks militants in the capital. On the night of December 4, 2014 Adventure “Caucasus Emirate” in several cars arrived in the center of Grozny, killing three police officers at the entrance who tried to stop the car to check documents. Then they took the printing house in the center of Grozny and the nearby school №20. Because of the attack in Grozny regime was introduced counter-terrorism operation, a few hours special forces attempted to dislodge the militants from the Press House and schools.
The attack on Grozny: the developments
This is not the only incident the participation of militants in today’s Chechnya. As follows from the provided RBC portal “Caucasian Knot” statistics (on the website “Caucasian Knot” These data are published in the “North Caucasus – statistics of victims”), but in 2014 in Chechnya was recorded ten clashes, two of subversion and terrorist act in result of which 52 people were killed and 65 were wounded. In 2015, experts of the “Caucasian Knot” counted three armed clashes between security forces and militants, two of subversion and the same number of terrorist attacks, which killed 14 people and injured 16.
According to the level of terrorist threat Chechnya, as the Information portal of legal statistics, ranks second after Russia in Dagestan. In 2015, in Chechnya were registered 315 terrorist crimes, in Dagestan – 520.
6. Militarized
The data on the number of security forces in the Chechen Republic – Military Defense Ministry, Interior Ministry officials, the Federal Security Service, Prosecutor General’s Office and the Investigative Committee – Various. As open source, evidence of the media and human rights activists, the main group of security forces in Chechnya – a few soldiers of the Interior Ministry of Russia. Formally, they are subordinate to Moscow, in particular the central office of the Interior Ministry, but, as they say, for example, the head of the “Committee for the Prevention of Torture” Igor Kalyapin perceive indications exclusively Kadyrov and his entourage.
According to the “Novaya Gazeta” , the backbone of the power block Kadyrov’s men make private security Interior Ministry. This unit committed some of the most critical areas of work – security of oil companies and the tribal village of Kadyrov Tsentoroi. “New” notes that “non-departmental shelf” are 2400 fighters. The second highest number of fighters – a regiment of special forces at the Interior Ministry of Chechnya (1600-1800).
Other law enforcement agencies, which employ the security forces loyal to Kadyrov – this battalion “North” and “South” of the 46th Division Interior Ministry troops. According to “New” in these units are about 2,000 soldiers. In addition, in Chechnya there are two separate regiment patrol (at 1,200-1,500 soldiers each) and a company guard commandant (500-1,000 soldiers). There in Chechnya and OMON: According to “New”, which confirms Kalyapin – no more than 350 fighters. Total “army” of Chechen security forces may be 10 thousand. To 12 thousand. Man, says human rights activist. The Interior Ministry, Defense Ministry and TFR requests RBC on the number of its employees could not answer.
7. Socially vulnerable
Chechnya – in the penultimate place in the country in the number of hospital beds (after Ingushetia). According to Rosstat, per bed in the country – 157.8 persons. Most new hospital beds appeared in 2011 – 2596. Then the number started to decline: from 10 th. In 2012 and 2013 to 8.7 thous. In 2014. In 2014, the new hospital beds does not appear at all. Chechnya here, however, is not alone: such regions in Russia is 46.
The Republic occupies the last place in the number of doctors and nurses – 13.3 thous. Per employee medical staff has to 140.7 persons. (also the worst performance in Russia).
According to statistics from Rosstat, in Chechnya largest among Russian regions in all kindergartens: 100 seats – 146 children (short for this indicator Ingushetia – 129 children). In total 29.6% of children under the age of seven attend pre-school establishments.
The number of schools as from 2005, according to statistics, not much has changed: in 2005 there were 460, in 2014/15 school year – 480. On average in the same class in the Chechen school has 21 children. For comparison, most filled classes – in St. Petersburg and Moscow (25-26 children), and less filled – in Orel (13 children). However, schools in the country is clearly not enough: 41.8% of students continue to attend school in the second and third shifts, among the Russian regions, the figure at the worst of Chechnya. In this work in Chechnya 18.4 thous. Teachers. This is the 19th place among the regions in the first – Moscow.
Chechnya – the leader in the number of minors in Russia, this explains the large compared with many regions of the number of teachers, said the rector of the Moscow City Pedagogical University, Igor Remorenko.
The number of students has grown in Chechnya for ten years, nearly 9.7 thousand. However, 19.4% of total employment in the economy of the republic residents have higher education. It is the smallest percentage in Russia (the largest – in Moscow and North Ossetia: 48.2 and 42.2%). Most of the working population of Chechnya graduated from 11 classes of the school – 50,7%.
8. Quick
During the stay of Ramzan Kadyrov, the head of Chechnya, the republic has consistently increased the number of premium cars, mainly the most expensive segment of the German and Japanese brands – Mercedes, BMW, Audi, Lexus.
A year after Kadyrov became head of the Republican government in 2007, in Chechnya were registered 40 premium cars (according to the company “AUTOSTAT»).
The Minister of Finance Anton Siluanov said that Chechnya – the leader in Russia in the number of official cars for bureaucrats. Ramzan Kadyrov heatedly denied it: “… for many years we did not write off old equipment, continue its use until now” (quoted by “RIA Novosti”). In the garage of Kadyrov, according to the “Times”, is Mercedes-Benz S 600 Pullman Guard, and his bodyguards moved to the luxury SUV Porsche Cayenne or a Mercedes Gelandewagen
In the photo : bikers passing convoy along the avenue Akhmad Kadyrov during the celebration of the 10th anniversary of the Constitution of the Chechen Republic
In 2008, when the crisis hit the country, the number of luxury cars in the country has increased more than four-fold – 173 vehicles. In 2011, 201 had been registered expensive car, the peak came in 2013, when Chechnya put on record 343 premium car.
The most popular brand in Chechnya immediately became Mercedes. So, in 2007, of the 40 registered cars Premium 15 – a Mercedes, in 2008, was executed 72 German cars in 2009 – 73, in 2010 – 103, in 2011 – 126, in 2012- m – 84, in 2013 – 170, in 2014 – 266, in 2015 – 208.
The second place in popularity among Chechens – Lexus, but the number of sales of cars of the Japanese manufacturer significantly behind the demand for Mercedes in Chechnya. In 2007 in the republic there were 12 Lexus, and in 2008 – already 52. Then purchase declined slightly – to 17-45 vehicles a year (see. Infographic).
The top three most popular German closes BMW.
Wealth Chechens – on a par with the financial well-being of neighboring Dagestan. It follows from the statistics of “AUTOSTAT” Dagestan in terms of consumer preferences in the premium car segment is identical to Chechnya, but not completely. In Dagestan popular Lexus, than Mercedes.
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